Scale Up or Scale Out? Hyperscaling – The Future of Cloud Computing

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The big players in hyperscaling continue to gain ground – what does this mean for companies, and where do we see the advantages and disadvantages?

A good 10 years ago, Google and Louis Vuitton were already sworn enemies. A legal dispute had been raging since 2006 between the French manufacturer of luxury goods (including the famous monogram bag) and the internet giant. The reason: Google ads that also led buyers to counterfeit brands – Louis Vuitton felt that its trademark rights had been infringed. Then, in 2021, came the turning point: parent company LVMH and Google announced a strategic partnership on the trending topic of AI, or artificial intelligence. In other words, the use of artificial intelligence in the online shopping experience.

Do you notice anything? Google, Microsoft, Amazon Web Services (all cloud providers) dominate the market and are quietly and stealthily making their way into companies and industries where they might not be expected at the moment.

What is meant by the term "hyperscaler"?

Hyperscaling describes highly scalable IT resources in the context of cloud computing and big data. Market-dominating public cloud providers such as Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud, and Microsoft Azure are often used as synonyms. Azure . However, there are other major providers in this segment, such as (and not to be overlooked) the Chinese provider Alibaba, IBM, and Telekom. 

These tech giants can provide their customers with enormous capacity thanks to their large, globally distributed data centers. According to the scale-out principle, storage and computing power can be scaled virtually indefinitely. In contrast to scale-up strategies, storage space is not only partially expanded and used until new space is needed. To do this, companies often have to purchase equipment themselves and estimate how much capacity they will need in the future, which often leads to oversizing or undersizing problems.

With scale-out strategies, or horizontal networking, growth potential does not need to be factored in initially, but can be addressed as needed (pay as you grow). This not only expands storage space, but also modular performance components such as CPU, RAM, and network resources. This allows the system to grow fluidly.

The combination of storage capacity and computing power is key to large projects and essential for smooth and powerful data management.

One example of this is Siemens AG. As a partner of AWS Cloud, it uses this technology and is thus able to handle a data load that no human team could possibly oversee. The Siemens system fends off 60,000 cyber threats per second thanks to cloud-based, highly scaled processes.

Advantages of hyperscaling

The use of hyperscaling therefore offers many advantages for companies.

These include:

  • Unlimited scaling
  • Flexible and decentralized infrastructures
  • High reliability and adaptability
  • Redundant solutions
  • Pay as you grow principle: you only pay for what you actually use

In collaboration with major providers such as AWS or MS Azure:

  • Pioneering position in their field – high level of expertise
  • New standards emanate from them
  • High development speed of their (additional) services

Disadvantages of hyperscaling

As always in life, there is also a downside. The use of hyperscale computing often results in disadvantages in terms of:

  • Data security, data sovereignty, and sovereignty
  • High demands on IT staff
  • Vendor lock-in: Dependence on and commitment to the provider's pricing models

In particular, the issue of data security and digital sovereignty is a recurring topic of discussion, including at the political level.

Characteristics of different types of clouds

When it comes to information storage, opinions are divided between strict, controlled data protection and flexible, productive, all-round cloud solutions. Accordingly, there are various options for embracing cloud solutions.

The three different types of clouds are shown here. The public cloud, private cloud, and hybrid cloud are different variants provided by hyperscale providers.
Figure 1: Various Cloud Architecture Options | isr.de
But are the US and China alone in this market?

Europe under pressure: Gaia X as Europe's answer to hyperscalers

Last summer, Peter Altmaier (Federal Minister for Economic Affairs and Energy) presented GAIA-X, the European alternative for a comprehensive European data infrastructure. This is "a project by Europe for Europe. " Germany, or rather Europe, wants and needs to catch up in terms of digitalization; it is therefore focusing on an open, fast, and networked ecosystem. Not least, the pandemic has led to topics related to digitalization gaining enormous importance within Europe (and not only for large companies and corporations). The "trend topic" of cloud computing is benefiting the most from this.

The cloud market is booming – and this is just the beginning for hyperscalers

The fact is, the cloud market is booming. The big hyperscalers such as AWS and Google will continue to expand their businesses and are digging deep into their pockets to do so. Microsoft Azure alone currently offers around 200 different cloud services. Incidentally, there is no recommendation for or against a particular provider.

Why should I, as a company, engage in hyperscaling?

The question of the purpose and significance of cloud technologies no longer arises, because we use cloud services, consciously or unconsciously, in many areas of our daily and professional lives. Whether it's watching a series on Netflix, using the fatigue sensor in a VW Golf, buying a handbag online from Louis Vuitton (see introduction to the blog), or holding a video conference with colleagues using MS Teams. The key questions that companies should be asking themselves are therefore:
  • How can my company benefit from this platform economy?
  • Where do hyperscalers complement or threaten my (current) business model?
  • What new business services can I offer as a company on these platforms?

An absolute must-have for cloud migration: a cloud strategy

There are various ways to migrate your workflow to the cloud. The first question is whether to completely overhaul your company's internal working methods. This could mean a fresh start and a revamp of entrenched, inefficient processes. Alternatively, there is the option of a lift & shift approach. Here, the familiar processes, programs, and data are moved to the cloud as seamlessly as possible and can continue to be used there as usual.

This is accompanied by various service models that enable migration and support ongoing use.

The model Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) provides only the necessary hardware. Whether public or private, only computing power and storage capacity are provided, while the company must take care of their use itself. However, the provider is responsible for the smooth operation and maintenance of the hardware functions. This component is required at least for a lift & shift approach.
Platform as a Service (PaaS) providers supply customers with both the hardware (IaaS) and a foundation for software. Companies can then build on this and import individual programs and processes.

The term Software as a Service (SaaS) is certainly familiar. Regardless of the hardware, only software solutions are offered here. Every interface and every backend is provided by the supplier and always remains up to date without any effort on your part. This greatly reduces the workload on the IT department and allows the company to take advantage of tried-and-tested solutions.
With Buildsimple, ISR provides such software as a service. AI-controlled, documents can be recognized, read, and distributed to the right contact points via the cloud.

As you know, without goals and a strategy, even the best technology can sink into digital activism. Whether a pure lift-and-shift approach should be pursued, whether a public or private cloud should be chosen, and which service is behind it depends on many internal and external factors that must be examined beforehand.

Do you have any questions or need assistance in developing a cloud strategy or finding the right cloud provider? Then please feel free to contact us.

About ISR

Since 1993, we have been operating as IT consultants for Data Analytics and Document Logistics, focusing on data management and process automation.
We provide comprehensive support, from strategic IT consulting to specific implementations and solutions, all the way to IT operations, within the framework of holistic Enterprise Information Management (EIM).
ISR is part of the CENIT EIM Group.

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